L-Isoleucine 72-18-4

1. First Aid Measures (Timeliness Required)

• Inhalation: Move to fresh air and rest in a semi-recumbent position. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Symptoms (dry cough, chest tightness) usually subside within 15 minutes of removal from the environment; if persistent, seek medical attention to rule out allergic pneumonia.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Because dissolution is slightly heat-absorbing, rinsing with lukewarm water (35-40°C) can relieve discomfort.

• Eye Contact: Open eyelids and flush with lukewarm water under low pressure for at least 20 minutes. The fornix of the eye must be cleaned by tilting the eyeball, as lens particles may be embedded there and slowly dissolve. Corneal fluorescein staining is necessary after rinsing.

• Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting in unconscious individuals. Large amounts ingested may cause osmotic diarrhea; electrolyte replacement is required.

2. Spill Handling (Dust Prevention First)

• Small Spills (< 5 kg): Clean up with a damp cloth or a dedicated wet vacuum cleaner. Seal the collected material in a plastic bag.

• Large Spills (> 5 kg): Do not dry clean! Use an explosion-proof industrial vacuum cleaner (with a HEPA H13 filter) to collect the spilled material. Treat the collected material as hazardous waste or inedible residue.

• Environmental Warning: Do not flush directly into sewers with water, as its high nitrogen content will rapidly deplete dissolved oxygen in the water, potentially causing acute poisoning in fish (EC50 approximately 100-200 mg/L).

3. Firefighting Strategies

• Preferred Extinguishing Agent: Water spray (cools and wets the powder to prevent dust cloud formation).

• Alternatives: ABC dry powder, sodium bicarbonate dry powder, carbon dioxide.

• Firefighters must know: The thermal decomposition products are carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are highly toxic. Fully enclosed chemical protective suits and positive-pressure SCBA (Self-Protected Chemical Body Protection) must be worn during firefighting.